The stepup substations are linked to generating stations directly as generation is achieved in lower voltages. In some cases a conversion of the current type takes place, commonly with. Indicating watthour demand meters will be provided unless otherwise specified. Edms, printed to an electronic drawing set adobe pdf and issued to the project. We utilize our extensive fleet of specialized, highvoltage equipment and trained quality workforce to skillfully, swiftly and safely build substations through 500kv. Transmission and distribution substations customized solutions and modular concepts for utility and industrial applications substations substations are key installations in the power grid that facilitate the efficient transmission and distribution of electricity. Even today, depending on how the whole system with interconnections between substations is arranged, straight bus may be considered for a specific substation if reliability of the whole grid is acceptable. Substations transmission and distribution substations.
Iec 61850 standardizes the description of substation functions and how and what they should communicate and how fast that communication. A number of electrical utilities in india are trying to meet the growing demands of power by adding more overhead lines and adding substations. The electricity transmission substations dataset was first digitized in 2011 version 1 from the library of imagery held within geoscience australia. They are classified from their general physical appearance and structural member components. Types of substation electrical substation electric. Via inplace elevation of substation structures and equipment pdf. The associated field guide is a waterproofed version of this manual, which summarizes key erosion and sediment control points for use by field crews. What is substation types of substation classification on types of substation substation parts and equipment 3. Configurations and characteristics of distribution substations. In 1980 he was awarded the national prize for his contribution to development of 750 kv ac.
Contents this document provides information for planning authorities and developers on national grids electricity transmission lines and substations. Planning and amenity aspects of high voltage electricity. The different types of substations mainly include stepup type substation, stepdown transformer, distribution, underground distribution, switchyard, customer substation, and system station. However, such transport is not the sole purpose in the particular case of a substation. Below is the list of some of the important components of substation. Such type of substation requires less time for construction but uses more space. Intended audience the course is intended for engineers, project engineers, technicians, and designers with an electrical discipline focus involved in the engineering, design, construction, operation and maintenance of electric substations. Pdf topologybased interlocking of electrical substations. The different substation configurations are characterized by their busbar arrangements and generally, any number of circuits may be provided by repeating the pattern.
Power lines and electric substations are primarily used to transport electricity. They are classified into different types based on various criteria. Fundamentals of substations for nonengineers february 2627, 2018 nashville, tn page 2 overview this course will introduce and provide nontechnical people with the basics of a substation and all the general components that are inside a substation. Manual ground switches should only be closed after a potential test. The outdoor substations are mainly classified into two types, namely polemounted substation and foundationmounted substations. The principle the principle behind this logic is that the details of any device shall be in the hands of these. What is the rating of your substation and what are the. Substation design guide a pdh online course for engineers.
A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. This voltage is stepped up by the help of a stepup transformer for transmitting the power. The types of maintenance programs utilized for substation equipment. The following current and former members of the substation subcommittee of the nreca. Structure member types three types of structure profile configurations are common in substations today. Substations a substation is a highvoltage electric system facility. The electricity transmission substations dataset was revised version 2. Substation automation september 12, 2010 unmanned substations are now a reality, thanks to a reliable and secure communication. If the transformer contained within the substation is a stepdown, the voltage decreases, and the current increases.
Fundamentals of electrical substations and switchgear. Best practices for protection and control applications for. Lower fault current this is the main reason that bus ties are open. This article discusses about a susbstation different types of substations like stepup, stepdown, distribution, underground distribution, switchyard, system. Classification of substations the substation is the medium of transferring the power from generating unit to the consumer end.
Design guide for rural substations usda rural development. Electrical stations substations by purpose transformer stations switching stations converter stations compensation stations by position in es power plants transmission system switching, transformer consumption industry, distribution converters transmission, consumption rated voltages. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 3. Basic substation configurations and the components avo training. Even after isolator operation there may be some residual charges on the bus which may harm the personnel going for maintainence. Many outgoing and incoming circuits are connected to it busbars. Jan risla is a senior project manager at power engineers with over 30 years experience in the power delivery industry. Highvoltage transformer substations congressional research service 1 introduction1 the electric utility industry operates as an integrated system of generation, transmission, and distribution facilities to deliver electric power. Objectives provide basic understanding of protection and controls for transmission substations provide guidance on specifying. Distribution system planning, load characteristics, subtransmission lines, distribution substations, design of primary and secondary systems, distribution system operation.
Substations definition of substations by the free dictionary. Power system structure the typical power system structure is shown in fig. A new approach for substation expansion planning article pdf available in ieee transactions on power systems 212. The power flow in an electricity grid normally goes from the power generating stations to the load points. Manual for transmission lines and substation construction. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b.
Feasability of a common dry type interface for gis and power cables of 52 kv and above. A typical distribution system consists of subtransmission circuits, which carry voltages ranging from 12. Substations are congregation of electrical equipment through wh. Substation, its function and types an electrical substation is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries etc.
For all the power system operations, substations are required for their course of action. However, due to the complexity, very few utility employees are familiar with the complete process. Components and substations for electrical transmission and. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. Electrical engineering an installation at which electricity is received from one or more power stations for conversion from alternating to direct current, reducing the voltage. The following are the important points which must be kept in view while laying out a substation. A device that grounds each phase of a circuit or equipment. In the beginning of the wgs activity, we addressed a questionnaire to cigre b3 members and experts who are involved in substation business.
To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their main components. Digital substations enabling a stronger, smarter and. The power system is a constituent of power generation, transmission and distribution systems. But in nearly all cases, the highest field is usually produced by the lines and cables supplying the substation and not by the equipment inside the. It covers planning and amenity issues, both with regard to national grids approach to siting new. What are the different types of electrical substation. Substations containing stepup transformers increase voltage and decrease current. The classification of the substation by nature of functions is explained below in details. Outdoor substation a substation which is used for all voltage levels between 55 kv to 765 kv is called outdoor substation. Introduction to substations annotated instructors guide module overview this module introduces trainees to the function of substations at all levels of the power grid, with an introduction to typical substation components included. Pdf a new approach for substation expansion planning. Home technical articles substation main functions and classification primary distribution alstom 145kv gasinsulated switchgear gis f35 at the shuqaiq hv substation in saudi arabia an electrical substation is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries etc. An automatic grounding switch may be designed to closeinto. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
It also is used to change ac voltages from one level to another, andor change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss in 1990. However, substations built more than 20 years ago still often have them. A subsidiary or branch station, as of a post office or an electric utility. Switchyards and substations b loadings in kilovoltamperes or kilowatts and power factor. Benefits of pd diagnosis on gis condition assessment. Substation types distribution substation located near to the endusers changes the transmission or subtransmission voltage to lower levels for endusers distribution voltages varies from 34,500y19,920 v to 4,160y2400 v blast and burn generally associated with fault current.
Transformer power transformers are used in transmission network of higher voltages for stepup and step down application 400 kv, 200 kv, 110 kv, 66 kv, 33kv and are generally rated above 200mva. Planning and amenity aspects of high voltage electricity transmission lines and substations. Stepup or primary substations such types of substations generate low voltage like 3. Federal and state environmental permit information was also included in this document for reference. The assembly of apparatus used to change some characteristic e. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. They range from the very large to the very small see below for a guide. What is the function of earth switch in substations. Uprating and upgrading of substations abstract 110315. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 1. Substations program 37 program overview program description this program helps substation owners enhance safety, reliability, equipment life, and performance, as well as maximize the return on asset investments despite limited resources. This type of substation gets the power supply from a near producing facility. It consists different types of equipment like transformer, generator, power cable which helps in the power transmission.
Electric substations are one of the parts of power system and are used for transferring power from the generating point to load centers. Substations are where electricity lines are connected and switched and where the voltage is changed by transformers. Secondary substations receive power at 6633kv which is stepped down usually to 11kv. So before commencing maintainence we have to ground the isolated bus too to avoid any mishappenings. Iem power systems is a premier supplier of electrical equipment and substation packages. Abb is a leader in power and automation technologies that enable utility and industry. Uprating and upgrading of substations was established under advisory area 3 of study committee sc b3.
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